Tax reform may revive PH Real Estate investment trusts (REIT) industry

Real Estate investment trusts (REIT) may get a new lease on life as the government evaluates the adoption of a comprehensive tax reform program, an official of the Securities and Exchange Commission said. The Real Estate Investment Trust Act lapsed into law in December 2009 with none of the major property developers coming forward with their prospective offerings.

“Tax reform is in the air. It’s usually in the context of income tax, but you know, tax rin ito (REIT is also tax and it could be part of the reform),” Commissioner Ephyro Luis B. Amatong told reporters last Oct. 22, referring to the changes in the REIT Law.

The Aquino government had imposed stringent REIT rules to limit revenue losses caused by laws that grant generous tax perks. Taxation on asset transfers and issues on ownership have prompted property giants such as Ayala Land, Inc., SM Prime Holdings, Inc. and Robinsons Land Corp. to shelve proposed REIT listings.

Asked if there is still time to introduce changes to the law before the election, Mr. Amatong said: “Even if it’s not, it might be useful to start the conversation now so that when the next administration or the new Congress comes into office, mayroon nang pinag-uuspaan (discussions may resume). We hit the ground running.”

While the Philippines’ REIT Law has been in place since 2009, Indonesia and Thailand have forged ahead and saw their first REIT listings in 2013 and 2014, respectively, according to data from the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE).

REIT listings have increased to 145 with a total market capitalization of $134.5 billion, from 118 listings valued at $65.1 billion in 2009, according to data from the exchange, citing property consultancy firm CBRE.

“It’s a wake-up call for our regulators. We need to reconsider how we can make it work,” PSE Chief Operating Officer Roel A. Refran said in an interview.

The government wants to revive talks with the real estate industry to achieve a compromise that may allow the country’s REIT market to finally take off six years after the law was passed.

“It’s difficult putting your best foot forward. There’s really a process. There’s room to evolve,” Mr. Amatong said.

Financial regulators are taking a precaution in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis that hit the real estate industry, the commissioner said.

“We don’t want that to happen again but at the same time we don’t want to unnecessarily pull back the growth of the real estate industry,” Mr. Amatong said.

-- Business World

Privacy, market decoupling and REITs

Real estate market in India is currently claimed to be in bubble territory. Certainly, the price increase during the boom period of 2004-2015 is unprecedented. While it has been a wonderful time for people who got on board before or in the initial stages of the boom, for people who did not purchase a house, it seems pretty hard. Worse, these are the people who are most likely to buy property at the worst possible time - just before the bubble explodes.

Privacy and market decoupling

So what has this got to do with privacy? Well, as per the original definition, a private citizen was one who took no interest in the affairs of the society. Given that most of the functions of a society are performed by markets today, I would call privacy as the degree to which a person is decoupled from markets.

When a person rents a house on a one year lease and license agreement, he or she is highly coupled with the market. Price changes would affect him greatly. The coupling decreases as the lease term increases and price stability is built in; however, often the "price stability" assumes other factors to remain constant. For instance, a 10% escalation clause would be fine in high inflation (and high salary rise) era but if inflation drops to 2% and salary increases follow suit then again issues arise.

Owning the house you live in significantly reduces the risk. You become much more disinterested in what happens to property prices.

Ticket size and Timing risk

Unfortunately, while owning a house reduces the risk associated with market movement, the process of owning a house increases it. In other words, if you purchase a house when the prices are high, you are significantly worse off. The real issue is that you can never be sure when the prices are high or low and since you must purchase the house at one go, you need to take up this one time risk

REITs

It is easy to see where all this leads to. REITs are a mechanism to "buy a house one square foot at a time". Basically a REIT (real estate investment trust) is a large corpus of funds that is invested in real estate. The investment into this corpus can be bought and sold in "small quantities". Sure, this costs money and my sense is that for REITs, the costs for managing REITs are likely to be 2-3% which will probably be of the same order as rents so your returns will be substantially lower than if you had bought a property. However, the benefits of diversification and small ticket size are significant since for many people there will be no other option.

In other words, once well managed REITs are available, you can invest in them in small amounts. They will allow systematic investment in property. For a person who has just started a job and would like to buy a house in 5-6 years, REITs would give an alternate mechanism to "decouple from the market". By investing a fixed amount every month, one can get rid of the fear of "what if property prices increase substantially". When one is ready to purchase property, one can just sell the investment in the investment in REITs and purchase the property.

For people who dislike paying interest and / or are not certain where they want to live in (probably because they are considering changing their job, career or city), these will be a boon and an alternative to purchasing a house on EMI.