Part 1 has a summary of steps that you can skim through if you are in a hurry. Part 2 has a detailed example that shows it can really be done with as little as $200 per month and practically no effort. By the way, if you are looking for a get-rich-quick scheme, you should probably stop reading now. This here, is an outline of the good old time tested slow-and-steady approach.
Part 1: A quick summary of steps
- Start early
- Don’t ever turn down free money
- Make savings automatic
- Invest wisely
- Plan for everyday expenses
- Be prepared for unexpected expenses and emergencies
- Live below your means
- Avoid consumer debt at all costs
- Stop the money leaks
- Build up equity, set up streams of passive income etc.
- Bonus step: Eat and live healthy
Put the power of compounding on your side. The earlier you start the more time your money has for compounding. When you can have interest earning interest, you would be surprised by the way in which little amounts of money can turn into large fortunes.
Be it your employer offered 401K match, employee stock purchase options that offer immediate 10-15% returns, bonus for using one realtor versus the other when you buy a home, cash back on credit cards etc. I could go on and on, but you get the picture.
We are human and if things were left to us to do everything on our own, we would still all be stuck in the Stone Age. Just as we trust everything else in life to automation, put your savings on auto mode too. Make sure that every month, before your paycheck is delivered to you, a part of it is deposited into a savings account.
If your money sits in your bank, then over the course of time due to inflation, it actually shrinks instead of growing! So choose your investment vehicle wisely, preferable something like the stock market or real estate which can offer you a growth percentage that is much more than the inflation rate. And a quick reminder – don’t get too greedy and gamble away your money on high risk investments.
Be sure that you have planned for your everyday expenses in such a way that small variations will not force you to abandon your above savings plan. People use all sorts of budgeting with different degrees of granularity. Pick the one that works for you.
The steps above can help you start building a nest egg. But, life has a way of throwing curve balls at you just when you start to get comfortable. And at such occasions, if you have to dip into your nest egg, you wipe out the benefits of compounding and your nest egg will never get a chance to grow exponentially. So make sure you have a separate fund to deal with all sorts of small and large unexpected expenses and emergencies.
Make sure you manage to live within your means. This doesn’t mean that you start depriving yourself and not indulge in any of life’s fine things. It just means that you prioritize your indulgences and give into only those whims that offer you the most pleasure and are things you can afford. Before you spend your money think if it is something that will bring you or your family joy or if your are just doing it to show off to your friends and relatives.
If you have a great offense but your defense sucks, you will still not be able to win many matches. Same thing applies to your financial plan. Unless you beef up your defense against consumer debt such as credit cards debt, auto loans etc., you will find it hard to reach your financial goals.
Look at your personal life – do you have any weak spots that are causing money leaks? These could be harmful addictions such smoking, alcohol, drugs etc. or harmless ones such as addiction to buying the latest CDs, books, shoes whatever. If it is something you do compulsively and is draining your bank balance, you should look into plugging them or at least getting them under control so the little leaks don’t turn in to gushing money drains.
Finally, in addition to the money you are saving make some provisions for yourself as you retire. Buy only as much home as you can afford and pay towards equity instead of rent, so someday in the future you can have a roof over your head without paying either rent or mortgage. Set up a stream of passive income to help you retire early or enjoy additional indulgences while you get there. While setting up additional income streams will in general need you to do some additional work, there are a few lazy options like investing in dividend yielding stocks or funding an energetic friend’s upcoming startup :)
This is really not obvious, but if you don’t take care of your health today, then as you grow older, a lot of that money you are saving will go toward paying your medical bills. Try to eat a balanced diet and incorporate some exercise in your daily routine. If you can go to the gym, great. If not then choose walking instead of driving, stairs instead of the elevators etc. Small changes can pay off huge dividends in the long run – both in your and your bank balance’s ability to live long and healthy lives.
That’s all it takes to make a million dollars. Those of you who are skeptical and don’t believe that you can do it (for any number of reasons), let’s work through an example and see if I can convince you.
Part 2: An Example
Step 1 says start early. Let’s say you start at 25. If you can start earlier – that’s great. If you are starting a little later, make suitable adjustments to the numbers in the following steps (which as you can see have a lot of leeway) and you should still be able to make it.
Step 2 says not to turn down free money. I am sure over your lifetime you will find a zillion different ways to get some free money. But for this calculation here, let’s focus on the 401K match from the employer. For ease of calculation, let’s say you save $100 every month in your 401K and get a match of $100 from your employer. These numbers are obtained assuming a salary of 40,000 a year and an employer match of 3% - if you earn more salary or can get a better match, you should increase your contribution.
Step 3 says make savings automatic. Say you set up an automatic deduction from your paycheck and put away $100 every month towards savings. Remember this is just an example. Depending on how soon or late you start and how your personal financial situation is, you should be able to tune that number to suit your needs.
Step 4 says invest wisely. I don’t want to give out investment advice but if you want a lazy way out, pick a reliable, diversified mutual fund or ETF such as a target retirement fund. These funds are usually a diversified mix of funds with the aggressiveness balanced based on your risk tolerance which in turn is calculated based on how close to retirement you are. Let’s assume that there is no severe recession or gotchas in our lifetime and we can get the average 8% returns over the long run, which is about what the stock market has been able to give over the past 20 years or so.
Using this calculator, you are already at a little over million dollars when you retire at 65! By just saving $200 per month and availing $100 from your employers 401K match you can become a millionaire!
Steps 5 and steps 6 will make sure that you can meet the financial requirements of your every day life without having to dip into the nest egg above that is on its way to a million dollars. Note that the main reason that just $300 per month allows you to become a millionaire is that you allow for the interest to earn interest in a continuous cycle. Having a budget and an emergency account is crucial to let your nest egg snowball into a fortune.
Think of steps 7 through 9 the protective casing they use for selling eggs in the grocery store. Your nest egg is fragile and there are a zillion things out there that can crack it. Living frugally, avoiding debt and plugging money leaks can offer some protection and cushion to make sure there isn’t an unnecessary pressure that will crack your nest egg.
Finally step 10 and the bonus step is that make sure that when you do retire as a millionaire, you can continue to enjoy the life of a millionaire :)
Remember that the example above assumes you can only save $200 per month beyond your everyday obligations and building the emergency account. If can manage to save more, imagine how much money you can have and how much sooner!
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